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Mobile IP

Mobile IP, as defined in IETF RFC 2002 (IP Mobility Support, October 1996), provides a mechanism that accommodates mobility on the Internet. It defines how nodes can change their point of attachment to the Internet without changing their IP address.

Traditionally, IP has assumed that a host on the Internet always connects to the same point of attachment. Any person or system that wants to send diagrams to that host addresses the datagram to an IP address that identifies the sub network where the host is normally located. If the host moves, it will not receive those datagrams.
Mobile IP consists of the entities described in the following list. A mobile user has a “home network” where his or her computer is normally attached. The home IP address is the address assigned to the user’s computer on that network. When the computer moves to another network, data grams will still arrive for the user at the home network. The home network will know that the mobile user is at a different location, called the “foreign network”, and will forward the data grams to the mobile user at that location. Data grams are encapsulated and delivered across a tunnel from the home network to the foreign network.

More reading:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_IP

http://www.cs.colorado.edu/~rhan/CSCI_7143_002_Fall_2001/Papers/Perkins_Tutorial_Mobile_IP.htm

http://www.usipv6.com/ppt/MobileIPv6_tutorial_SanDiegok.pdf

http://www.computer.org/portal/web/internet/home